Tag: Atrial fibrillation

A Two-stage Method with a Shared 3D U-Net for Left Atrial Segmentation of Late Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI Images

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal.     Studying atrial structure directly is crucial for comprehending and managing atrial fibrillation (AF). Accurate reconstruction and measurement of atrial geometry for clinical purposes remains challenging, despite potential improvements in the visibility of AF-associated structures with late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. This difficulty arises from the varying intensities caused by increased tissue enhancement and artifacts, as well as variability in image quality. Therefore, an efficient algorithm for fully automatic 3D left atrial segmentation is proposed in this study.

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/CVIA.2023.0039

CVIA is available on the ScienceOpen platform and at Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Submissions may be made using ScholarOne Manuscripts. There are no author submission or article processing fees. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications is indexed in the EMBASE, EBSCO, ESCI, OCLC, Primo Central (Ex Libris), Sherpa Romeo, NISC (National Information Services Corporation), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Research4Life and Ulrich’s web Databases. Follow CVIA on Twitter @CVIA_Journal; or Facebook.

Jieyun Bai, Ruiyu Qiu and Jianyu Chen et al. A Two-stage Method with a Shared 3D U-Net for Left Atrial Segmentation of Late Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI Images. CVIA. 2023. Vol. 8(1). DOI: 10.15212/CVIA.2023.0039

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Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Therapy: Past, Present, and Future

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal.    

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, is increasing in incidence and prevalence worldwide. AF significantly increases the risk of intracardiac thrombus formation and, if left untreated, ischemic stroke. In patients with nonvalvular AF (NVAF), the left atrial appendage (LAA) has been determined to be the source of thrombus development in 91% to 99% of cases. In this regard, oral anticoagulants (OACs) have become the standard treatment for stroke prevention in most patients with AF; however, OACs are associated with a risk of bleeding complications, and their efficacy depends on optimal patient compliance. Among alternative approaches to embolic stroke prevention, surgical LAA excision for stroke prevention for valvular AF was attempted as early as the late 1940s. LAA excision remains recommended in surgical guidelines for patients with NVAF requiring open-heart coronary bypass or valvular replacement/repair surgeries. However, owing to the traumatic/invasive nature and suboptimal outcomes of conventional surgical LAA intervention, clinical application of this approach is limited in current cardiology practice. Percutaneous LAA occlusion (LAAO) is increasingly being performed as an alternative to OAC for stroke prevention, particularly in patients with elevated bleeding risk.

Substantial progress has been made in percutaneous LAAO therapy since its inception approximately 20 years ago. This article systematically reviews the literature leading to the development of LAAO and the evidence-based clinical experience supporting the application of this treatment strategy for NVAF, with a focus on recently published critical evaluations of US FDA and CE mark approved LAAO devices. Future perspectives regarding knowledge and technology gaps are also discussed, recognizing the many ongoing clinical trials that are likely to be transformative and the critical unanswered questions regarding LAAO therapy.

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/CVIA.2023.0026

CVIA is available on the ScienceOpen platform and at Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Submissions may be made using ScholarOne Manuscripts. There are no author submission or article processing fees. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications is indexed in the EMBASE, EBSCO, ESCI, OCLC, Primo Central (Ex Libris), Sherpa Romeo, NISC (National Information Services Corporation), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Research4Life and Ulrich’s web Databases. Follow CVIA on Twitter @CVIA_Journal; or Facebook.

Xinqiang Han, Jianzeng Dong and David G. Benditt. Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Therapy: Past, Present, and Future. CVIA. 2023. Vol. 8(1). DOI: 10.15212/CVIA.2023.0026

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Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Warfarin Versus Rivaroxaban in Northern Chinese Patients with Different CHA2DS2-VASc Scores

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal.   This study was aimed at evaluating the safety and efficacy of warfarin versus rivaroxaban in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and different CHA2DS2-VASc score subgroups in northern China.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate 387 patients with AF who received treatment at an institution between September 2018 and August 2019. The patients were divided into two groups receiving either warfarin (n=194) or rivaroxaban (n=193). Follow-up data were collected, including adherence, bleeding and ischemic stroke events.

The group receiving rivaroxaban showed better adherence than the group receiving warfarin. In the warfarin-treated group, bleeding incidents declined with increasing scores. In the warfarin-treated group, patients with scores of 2–3 had greater adherence and fewer stroke occurrences. The events of bleeding and stroke did not significantly differ in patients in the rivaroxaban-treated group with different scores.

Compared with patients in the warfarin group with different CHA2DS2-VASc scores, those in the rivaroxaban group had greater compliance, and fewer bleeding and stroke events. Regardless of economic considerations, rivaroxaban is preferable for anticoagulative AF treatment in northern Chinese patients.

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/CVIA.2023.0030

CVIA is available on the ScienceOpen platform and at Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Submissions may be made using ScholarOne Manuscripts. There are no author submission or article processing fees. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications is indexed in the EMBASE, EBSCO, ESCI, OCLC, Primo Central (Ex Libris), Sherpa Romeo, NISC (National Information Services Corporation), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Research4Life and Ulrich’s web Databases. Follow CVIA on Twitter @CVIA_Journal; or Facebook.

Shiwei Xu, Qi Zhao and Haiyu Zhang et al. Comparison of the Safety and Efficacy of Warfarin Versus Rivaroxaban in Northern Chinese Patients with Different CHA2DS2-VASc Scores: A Retrospective Cohort Study. CVIA. 2023. Vol. 8(1). DOI: 10.15212/CVIA.2023.0030

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Integration Analysis of Epigenetic-related m 6A-SNPs Associated with Atrial Fibrillation

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal.   Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified as genetic contributors to atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of genome-wide N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-SNPs on AF.

m6A-SNPs were identified by analysis of raw data from published AF GWAS datasets and the list of m6A-SNPs from the m6AVar database. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of m6A-SNPs on gene expression. The expression of linked genes was validated in three independent AF-associated gene expression datasets (GSE14975, GSE108660 and GSE2240).

A total of 1429 (6.2%) unique m6A-SNPs that were significantly associated with AF were identified. Seventeen m6A-SNPs in 14 genes reached genome-wide significance. Eight m6A-SNPs demonstrated eQTL signals. Four m6A-SNPs (rs383692, rs3211105, rs1061259 and rs1152582) exhibited strong cis-eQTL signals associated with the gene expression levels of SMIM8, JMJD1C and SYNE2. SYNE2 and SMIM8 had differential gene expression levels between the AF and sinus rhythm groups. In addition, SYNE2 expression was uniformly downregulated in AF samples compared with normal control samples in the three datasets.

The results provide the first demonstration that m6A-SNPs are strongly associated with AF, and extend understanding of m6A modification as a potential biological pathway underlying AF.

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/CVIA.2023.0022

CVIA is available on the ScienceOpen platform and at Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Submissions may be made using ScholarOne Manuscripts. There are no author submission or article processing fees. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications is indexed in the EMBASE, EBSCO, ESCI, OCLC, Primo Central (Ex Libris), Sherpa Romeo, NISC (National Information Services Corporation), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Research4Life and Ulrich’s web Databases. Follow CVIA on Twitter @CVIA_Journal; or Facebook.

Zhenhong Jiang, Xin Liu and Jianping Hu et al. Integration Analysis of Epigenetic-related m6A-SNPs Associated with Atrial Fibrillation. CVIA. 2023. Vol. 8(1). DOI: 10.15212/CVIA.2023.0022

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Sex Differences in Quality of Life and their Explanatory Variables in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal. Women with atrial fibrillation (AF) have poorer quality of life (QoL) than men; however, the factors contributing to the poorer QoL in women is unclear.

The authors of this article analyzed data for 3562 patients with non-valvular AF enrolled in the China Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used to evaluate QoL, which was compared between women and men. A multivariate logistic regression analysis model was used to explore factors potentially explaining the sex difference in QoL.

Overall, 43.3% of the cohort comprised women (n=1541) who were older than their male counterparts (72 ± 9.8 vs. 68 ± 11.9 years, P<0.001). Compared with men, women were more likely to have more symptoms, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and heart failure. Women were less likely than men to receive catheter ablation (4.5% vs. 6.1%, P=0.044). Women also had lower physical component summary (PCS) scores (48 ± 9 vs. 51 ± 9, P<0.001) and mental component summary (MCS) scores (49 ± 10 vs. 51 ± 10, P<0.001) than men. In the multivariable analysis of the poorer PCS scores in women, patient age explained 32.9%, low socioeconomic status explained 20.0%, lifestyle explained 14.3%, cardiovascular comorbidities explained 15.7%, the presence of more symptoms explained 5.7%, and less catheter ablation explained 1.4%. These factors also explained similar proportions of the sex difference in MCS scores. Together, these factors explained 54.3% of the poorer physical function status and 46.8% of the poorer mental function status in women than men.

Women with AF had poorer QoL than men. The following factors partly explained the poorer QoL in women: older age, low level of socioeconomic status, more cardiovascular comorbidities, less smoking and drinking, more symptoms, and less catheter ablation.

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/CVIA.2023.0017

CVIA is available on the ScienceOpen platform and at Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Submissions may be made using ScholarOne Manuscripts. There are no author submission or article processing fees. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications is indexed in the EMBASE, EBSCO, ESCI, OCLC, Primo Central (Ex Libris), Sherpa Romeo, NISC (National Information Services Corporation), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Research4Life and Ulrich’s web Databases. Follow CVIA on Twitter @CVIA_Journal; or Facebook.

Qing Li, Yinong Chen and Luyao Yu et al. Sex Differences in Quality of Life and their Explanatory Variables in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. CVIA. 2023. Vol. 8(1). DOI: 10.15212/CVIA.2023.0017

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Advances in the Application of Pulsed Field Ablation for Arrhythmia Treatment

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal. The increased application of catheter ablation to treat cardiac arrhythmias has contributed to continued exploration of safe and effective tissue ablation tools in the field of electrophysiology. Pulsed field ablation (PFA), a novel recently developed non-thermal energy-based technique, uses trains of microsecond duration high-amplitude pulses to ablate target cells. Several preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that PFA is a promising tool for cardiac ablation to treat arrhythmia. In addition to being an effective tissue ablation technique, PFA is safe, because it avoids damage to the surrounding cells/tissues. This article focuses on efficacy and safety outcomes reported in preclinical and clinical studies evaluating the effects of PFA on arrhythmia, and discusses limitations and potential future directions of PFA.

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/CVIA.2023.0019

CVIA is available on the ScienceOpen platform and at Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Submissions may be made using ScholarOne Manuscripts. There are no author submission or article processing fees. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications is indexed in the EMBASE, EBSCO, ESCI, OCLC, Primo Central (Ex Libris), Sherpa Romeo, NISC (National Information Services Corporation), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Research4Life and Ulrich’s web Databases. Follow CVIA on Twitter @CVIA_Journal; or Facebook.

Fuding Guo, Jun Wang and Liping Zhou et al. Advances in the Application of Pulsed Field Ablation for Arrhythmia Treatment. CVIA. 2023. Vol. 8(1). DOI: 10.15212/CVIA.2023.0019

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Elevated Monocyte to High-density Lipoprotein Ratio Is a Risk Factor for New-onset Atrial Fibrillation after Off-pump Coronary Revascularization

Announcing a new article publication for Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications journal.  Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common complication of coronary revascularization. Currently, the mechanisms of postoperative AF are unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the risk factors for new-onset AF (NOAF) after coronary revascularization and exploring the early warning effects of clinical inflammatory markers. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 293 patients with unstable angina pectoris who underwent coronary artery revascularization in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, between April 2018 and June 2021, including 224 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and 69 patients who underwent one-step hybrid coronary revascularization. Baseline data, clinical data, blood indicators and AF episodes within 7 days after the surgery were collected. Participants were divided into two groups according to whether AF occurred, and the data were analyzed between groups. In addition, multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the independent risk factors for developing AF post coronary revascularization.

Aging, a larger left atrial inferior-superior diameter, use of an intra-aortic balloon pump, a greater blood volume transfused during perioperative period and a higher monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratios on postoperative day 1 were independent risk factors for NOAF after coronary artery surgery.

https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/CVIA.2023.0012

CVIA is available on the ScienceOpen platform and at Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications. Submissions may be made using ScholarOne Manuscripts. There are no author submission or article processing fees. Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications is indexed in the EMBASE, EBSCO, ESCI, OCLC, Primo Central (Ex Libris), Sherpa Romeo, NISC (National Information Services Corporation), DOAJ, Index Copernicus, Research4Life and Ulrich’s web Databases. Follow CVIA on Twitter @CVIA_Journal; or Facebook.

Yameng Mu, Jiayin Niu and Min Zhang et al. Elevated Monocyte to High-density Lipoprotein Ratio Is a Risk Factor for New-onset Atrial Fibrillation after Off-pump Coronary Revascularization. CVIA. 2023. Vol. 7(1). DOI: 10.15212/CVIA.2023.0012

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